Description
Twenty-five years ago, Earl R. Stadtman, PhD discovered that specific enzymes regulating metabolism can be inactivated by oxidation [1]. He later showed that age-related oxidative modification contributes, at least in part, to age-related loss of function of the enzymes [2, 3]. Dr. Stadtman broke the ground for a new field of study to discover how oxidative stress contributes in significant ways to age-related cellular dysfunction and protein accumulation and that oxidation in the aging brain influences Alzheimer’s disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and lifespan [4-6]. Today, his research and mentorship have positively influenced the work of hundreds of scientists in this field. We dedicate this book to Dr. Earl R. Stadtman (1912-2008), in celebration of his passion for science and his superior collaborative and mentorship skills. This book is comprised of three sections. The first describes the valuable roles reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play in cellular biology. The second section provides an overview of redox imbalance injury with effects on mitochondria, signaling, endoplasmic reticular function, and on aging in general. The third section takes these mechanisms to neurodegenerative disorders and provides a state-of-the-art look at the roles redox imbalances play in age-related susceptibility to disease and in the disease processes. In the first section we attempt to answer a question posed by Dr. Stadtman, ”Why have cells selected reactive oxygen species to regulate cell signaling events” [7]. Table of Contents: Chapter 1 and 2: Basic Redox (reactive oxygen/nitrogen species) Biochemistry Andrew Gow (Andrew Gow, 160 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08540; e-mail: gow@rci.rutgers.edu.) Harry Isciropoulos (Research Professor of Pediatrics and Pharmacology 416D Abramson Research Center (215)590-5320 E-mail: ischirop@mail.med.upenn.edu). Chapter 3: Areas of neuronal loss in hypoixa/reoxygenation oxidative injury Andrey Y. Abramov,1 Department of Physiology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom, a.abramov@ucl.ac.uk Chapter 4: How oxidative injury translates into unfolded protein response-induced cellular dysfunction. Constantinos Koumenis, Ph.D. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Radiation Oncology koumenis@xrt.upenn.edu Chapter 5: Mitochondrial injury as a source of oxidative injury to neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Lee J. Martin, PhD, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 558 Ross Building, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD; E-mail: martinl@jhmi.edu Chapter 6: Oxidative injury to the autonomic nervous system Costantino Iadecola MD Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, coi2001@med.cornell.edu Chapter 7: Excitatory neurotoxicity and ER stress component (Therapeutics part). Dr. Laura Korhonen, Minerva Medical Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, FIN-00290 Helsinki, Finland. Email: Laura.T.Korhonen@helsinki.fi Chapter 8: Excitatory neurotoxicity and ER stress component (Therapeutics part). Don Cleveland, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Departments of Medicine and Neuroscience, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA dcleveland@ucsd.edu Chapter 9: ROS and brain injury in alzheimer’s D. Allan Butterfield, Department of Chemistry, Center of Membrane Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0055 dabcns@uky.edu Chapter 10: Oxidative neural injury in Parkinson’s D.A. Di Monte, The Parkinson’s Institute, Basic Research Department, 1170 Morse Avenue, Sunnyvale, CA 94089, USA ddimonte@thepi.org Chapter 11: Oxidative neural injury in sleep apnea David Gozal, MD. Professor of Pediatrics, Vice Chair of Research University of Louisville david.gozal@louisville.edu Chapter 12: PPAR oxidative response in neurodegenerative disorders Bruce M. Spiegelman1, , Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA bruce_spiegelman@dfci.harvard.edu Chapter 13: Neuronal injury and oxidative across disease. Mark P Mattson Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. mattsonm@grc.nia.nih.gov
