Description
This comprehensive collection of the major cross-disciplinary methods and protocols used in current opioid research covers topics ranging from molecular and genetic techniques, to behavioral analyses of animal models and to clinical practices. The well-practiced authors describe their best molecular techniques for the cloning and expression of opioid receptors, and for the quantitative characterization of their signaling pathways, as well as for mapping the distribution and detecting the expression levels of opioid receptors, opioid peptides, and their messages in both brain tissues and individual cells. Also included are methods for the creation of in vitro and in vivo animal models to study opioid functions, as well as the clinical applications in the treatment of pain and opioid addiction. Part I. Molecular Characterization of Opioid Receptors and Signaling Pathways Molecular Cloning of Opioid Receptors by cDNA Library Screening Ying-Xian Pan Expression of Opioid Receptors in Mammalian Cell Lines Ying-Xian Pan Assessing Opioid Regulation of Adenylyl Cyclase Activity in Intact Cells Deepak R. Thakker, Hatice Z. Ozsoy, and Kelly M. Standifer Analysis of Opioid-Induced Kinase Activation, Lan Ma Study of Opioid Receptor Phosphorylation Using Cell-Labeling Method with 32P-Orthrophosphate Jia Bei Wang Opioid Receptor Coupling to GIRK Channels: In Vitro Studies Using a Xenopus Oocyte Expression System and In Vivo Studies on Weaver Mutant Mice Kazutaka Ikeda, Mitsunobu Yoshii, Ichiro Sora, and Toru Kobayashi Identification of Alternatively Spliced Variants from Opioid Receptor Genes Ying-Xian Pan Part II. Mapping and Detection of Endogenous Opioids Immunohistochemical Localization of m-, d- and k-Opioid Receptors Within the Antinociceptive Brainstem Circuits Alexander E. Kalyuzhny In Situ Hybridization in Neural Tissues Howard B. Gutstein Quantitative Single-Cell RT-PCR for Opioid Receptors and Housekeeping Genes Seth C. Silbert Gene Arrays and Proteomics: A Primer Lionel Mouldous and Howard B. Gutstein Part III. Model Systems for Studies on Opioid Functions Opioid Receptor Oligomerization: Detection and Functional Characterization of Interacting Receptors Ivone Gomes, Julija Filipovska, and Lakshmi A. Devi Recombinant Opioid Receptors: Structure-Function Relationship Julija Filipovska, Ivone Gomes, Wei Xu, Chongguang Chen, Lee-Yuan Liu-Chen, and Lakshmi A. Devi Receptor Knock-Out and Gene Targeting: Generation of Knock-Out Mice Ichiro Sora, Kazutaka Ikeda, and Yuji Mishina Pharmacological Interventions at the Spinal Cord: Intrathecal Injections Daphn A. Robinson and Min Zhuo Opioid Tolerance in Adult and Neonatal Rats Zhizhong Z. Pan Animal Models of Neuropathic Pain William J. Martin, Laike St. A. Stewart, and Jason W. Tarpley Place Conditioning to Study Drug Reward and Aversion William A. Carlezon, Jr. Opiate Self-Administration Zheng-Xiong Xi and Elliot A. Stein Part IV. Clinical Applications of Opioids Acute, Chronic, and Cancer Pain: Clinical Management Allen W. Burton Clinical Treatment of Opioid Addiction and Dependence Walter Ling, Richard A. Rawson and Margaret Compton Index
